Chapter 8 disorders of fluid, electrolyte, and acidbase balance essentials of pathophysiology. An online module to understand body fluid status in. The videos were created using customdesigned powerpoint animations, video recordings, and camtasia videoediting software. Water is distributed within both intracellular fluid icf and extracellular fluid ecf compartments. Water makes up 5070% of body mass approximately 42l in a 70kg person. Dr qazi imtiaz rasool 34 34 h2o 32 32 50 50 54 54 34 34 52 52 44 44 47 47 objectives adiscuss the distribution of total body h2o twb in the body b list the ionic composition of different body compartments c explain the principles of measurements body as an open sytem body exchanges materials and energy with. The ecf usually accounts for onethird of total body water compared with the twothirds of body water that constitutes the icf 54, 65.
Intracellular fluid 40% of body weight 28liters extracellular fluid 20% of body weight plasma 5% of body weight or 25% of ecf 3. If a hypertonic solution is added to the extracellular fluid, the extracellular osmolarity increases and causes osmosis of water out of the cells into the extracellular compartment. Use of segmentspecific resistivity values in combination with correction for unmeasured body fluid compartments resulted in significantly improved estimates of ecv, icv and tbw from sbis and the results. Intracellular and interstitial compartment acidbase balance is complex and varies in different tissues.
Most of the rest resides within the cells, with less than 1 percent located in the extracellular fluid. However, the interplay of body fluids, serum electrolytes, and clinical monitoring is complex, and a thorough command of these issues is a challenging task even for advanced practitioners. Download the body water is distributed into two major fluid compartments extracellular ppt for free. The total body water is divided into compartments and useful physiological insight and some measure of clinical predictability can be gained from this approach even though most of these fluid compartments do not exist as discrete real fluid collections.
The ecf is subdivided into two other fluid compartments known as the interstitial fluid and the plasma. Total body water and its distribution between different compartments. Body fluids compositions, and their measurements by. Water exchange between icf and ecf occurs across plasma membranes by. Muhammad hoesin general hospital introduction fluid management, is a key factor for the survival of patients who have severe, acute hypovolemia.
Extracellular fluid interstitial fluid 23 intravascular fluid miscellaneous body fluids. In the body, water moves through semipermeable membranes of cells and from one compartment of the body to another by a process called osmosis. The net effect is an increase in extracellular volume, decrease in intracellular volume and a rise in osmolarity in both compartments. The interstitial fluid refers to the total volume of ecf outside of the blood vessels and is separated from the plasma see below by the walls of the bodys vasculature. Variations in total body water tbw depend primarily on lean body mass, since fat and other tissue contain very little water. Fluids and electrolytes tintinallis emergency medicine. Fluid compartments total body water 40 l two main fluid compartments intracellular fluid icf compartment. Body fluids total amount of fluid in the human body is approximately 70% of body weight body fluid has been divided into two compartments intracellular fluid icf inside the cells 55% of total body water extracellular fluid outside the cells 45% of total body water body fluid compartments extracellular fluid includes interstitial fluid.
Ppt body fluid compartments powerpoint presentation, free. A capillary membrane, which consists of the endothelial glycocalyx, endothelial cells, and the subendothelial cell matrix, separates the capillary intravascular space from the interstitial fluid compartment. Mar 15, 2016 weve learned about how the kidney reabsorbs salt and water. The total plasma magnesium concentration is about 1. Extracellular fluid ecf surrounds all cells in the body. Note that ecw is divided into interstitial fluid 16% of body weight, and blood plasma 4% of body weight. Ppt fluid and electrolytes powerpoint presentation. Pdf basic concepts of fluid and electrolyte balance. Body fluids can be discussed in terms of their specific fluid compartment, a location that is largely separate from another compartment by some form of a physical barrier. Prior to discussing the controversial topic of whether crystalloids or colloids are superior, one must first understand the distribution of body fluid compartments as well as the control of fluid distribution between these compartments.
Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about body fluids physiology ppt. Body fluid compartments 23 65% of tbw is intracellular icf extracellular water 25 % interstitial fluid isf 5 8 % in plasma ivf intravascular fluid 1 2 % in transcellular fluids csf, intraocular fluids, serous membranes, and in gi, respiratory and urinary tracts third space 11. A weight change of 1 kg is equivalent to a loss or gain of 1 liter of fluid. Obesity lowers your total body water, because you have a smaller lean mass. Ppt body fluid compartments powerpoint presentation free. Fluidstotal body water tbw sum of all fluids within all body compartmentsabout 4580% of body weight is water fat cells less water. Start studying mcp body fluid compartments and osmolarity. Dai daily intake and output of water mlkg mlday da prolonged, heavy exercise normal.
Ppt body fluid compartments powerpoint presentation free to. Fluid compartments of the body introduction youtube. While fluid compartments may share some characteristics with the divisions defined by the anatomical compartments of the body, these terms are not one in the same. The percentage in any individual is influenced by age and lean body mass, therefore the percentage is higher in men compared to women, in children compared to adults, and in people of normal body habitus compared to the obese table 91. For technical reasons, it is extremely difficult to determine the precise size of any of these compartments. Fluid compartments in the body by professor fink duration. Body fluid compartments and fluid dynamics veterinary manual. Chapter 25 pages 292301 membrane function osmosis is movement of water to an area with more solute if cell membrane. A pie graph showing the proportion of total body fluid in each of the bodys fluid compartments. The first concept is total body water tbw, which is described and broken down as follows. The ecf is further compartmentalized to the intravascular plasma volume, the interstitial fluid isf, and the transcellular fluids. Although the volume and substances dissolved in the fluid of one compartment is different than another compartment, each compartment has the same number of particles dissolved in the water. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on. Twothirds of total body water tbw, 30%40% of body mass, is intracellular.
Body fluids and fluid compartments anatomy and physiology ii. Moreover, fluid shifts alongside hypo and hypernatremia has been deliberated. A way to measure the volume of body fluid compartments, by measuring concentration of an administered indicator at some time after administration. Body fluid compartment proportions for an adult are diagrammed in figure 211. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Fluid management critical care emergency medicine, 2e. More than 98 percent of the total body potassium is contained in the cells and only 2 percent is in the extracellular fluid. Weve learned about how the kidney reabsorbs salt and water. Thorough knowledge of body fluid compartments, composition, and balance is an essential but often.
Intracellular fluid 40% of body weight 28liters extracellular fluid 20% of body weight plasma 5% of body weight or. Intracellular fluid icf inside the cells 55% of total body water. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. Fluid movement from the intravascular to interstitial and intracellular compartments occurs in the capillaries. The ecf accounts for the other onethird of the bodys. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. The intracellular fluid icf compartment is the system that includes all fluid enclosed in cells by their plasma membranes. Figure 1 shows the approximate sizes of the body fluid compartments. These compartments are separated by the vasculature. Water will move from one space into the next passively across a semi permeable membrane until the hydrostatic and osmotic pressure gradients balance each. Mcp body fluid compartments and osmolarity questions and.
An online module to understand body fluid status in clinical cases. Extracellular fluid outside the cells 45% of total body water body fluid compartments extracellular fluid includes. The interstitial fluid refers to the total volume of ecf outside of the blood vessels and is separated from the plasma see below by the walls of the body s vasculature. The body fluid compartments include the intracellular fluid compartment, located inside the cells with fluid volume of approximately 25 liters, and the extracellular fluid compartment plasma and interstitial fluid, located in the external environment of each cell with fluid. Ppt body fluid compartments part 1 body composition. Fluid and electrolytes 1 fluid and electrolytes 2 compartments. The ecf is comprised of intravascular and interstitial extravascular fluid. Body fluid compartments medical online video lecturio. Intracellular fluid icf extracellular fluid ecf intravascular plasma interstitial between cells lymph transcellular.
This means that fluid composition varies between body compartments. Extracellular acidbase balance and ion transport between. Composition of the body fluid compartments differs markedly as shown in figure 2. Rapid short term weight changes are a sign of fluid status. Total body water gains could be in any of the body compartments.
Body fluid compartments ppt download body fluid, fluid, cell. Now lets learn about fluid and salt in the entire body. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about body fluid compartments ppt. View and download powerpoint presentations on body fluid compartments ppt. Uzair hashmi has described a range of concepts here. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools.
The second largest volume is the interstitial fluid, which surrounds cells that are not blood cells. Extracellular fluid contains mostly sodium cations, and chloride anions. Intracellular fluid icf the fluid within cells which accounts for 65% of total body weight. Figure 1 shows the changes in the body fluid compartments after dehydration.
The human body and even its individual body fluids may be conceptually divided into various fluid compartments, which, although not literally anatomic compartments, do represent a real division in terms of how portions of the bodys water, solutes, and suspended elements are segregated. Most of the water in the body is intracellular fluid. A capillary membrane, which consists of the endothelial glycocalyx, endothelial cells, and the subendothelial cell matrix, separates the capillary intravascular space. The body water is distributed into two major fluid. Redistribution of potassium between the intracellular and extracellular fluid compartments provides a first line of defense against changes in extracellular fluid potassium concentration. The body composition by weight, averaged for both sexes and major body fluid compartments of a 70kg 154lb person. Jul 04, 2014 body fluids 3, sweating and fluid compartments duration. Body fluid compartments have different sizes and volumes, and different compositions. Generally, an ebook can be downloaded in five minutes or less. The two main fluid compartments are the intracellular and extracellular compartments.
Fluids and electrolytes pharmacotherapy principles and. Total amount of fluid in the human body is approximately 70% of body weight. More than one half of the body s magnesium is stored in the bones. Fluid compartments are generally used to compare the position and characteristics of fluid in relation to the fluid within other compartments. Ppt body fluid compartments a part 1 body composition powerpoint presentation free to download id.
Fluid shifts occur when the body s fluids move between the fluid compartments. View and download powerpoint presentations on body fluids physiology ppt. A transcellular space is part of the ecf lined by epithelial cells. Body fluid compartments and fluid dynamics emergency. The fluid secreted into the stomach by the stomach lining is part of which fluid compartment. Department of anesthesiologist and reanimation faculty of medicine sriwijaya university dr. Body fluid compartments, cell membrane ion transport, electrolyte. Synthesis in the body as a result of oxidation of carbohydrates, adding about 200 mlday daily loss of body water 1. We have compensated for these body fluid compartments in our calculations eqs. Ios fluid status can be monitored by measuring daily intake and output of fluid.
Shift in body fluid compartments after dehydration in. Physiologically, this occurs by a combination of hydrostatic pressure gradients and osmotic pressure gradients. Body fluid compartments are the focal point of this medical lecture. Chapter 25 pages 292301 membrane function osmosis is movement of water to an area with more solute if. Ppt body fluid compartments powerpoint presentation. The total body water tbw, which accounts for approximately 60% of total body weight, can be divided into intracellular and extracellular fluid icf and ecf, respectively compartments. Fluid compartments intracellular fluid inside the cells 23 of the body fluid, potassium, magnesium, phosphates and proteins extracellular fluid fluid outside the cells of body fludis bicarb, ect interstitial fluid between the cells intravascular fluid inside the blood vessels get levels from transcellular fluid third space. Segmentspecific resistivity improves body fluid volume. You can support the work of campbellteaching, at no cost whatsoever to yourself, if you use the link below as your bookmark to access amazon. Dec 10, 2015 body fluid compartments thursday, december 10, 2015 6. Regulation of cardiac activity 7 disorders of circulatory system vikasana bridge course 2012.
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