The ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. The main cause of this is the release of cfcs, chlorofluorocarbonsozone depletion, n. Ppt effects of ozone depletion powerpoint presentation. Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s.
These radiations can cause severe diseases in humans such as skin cancer, eye damage and genetic mutations etc 9. Hole in the ozonewas created by chemicals layer has been caused bylike cfc etc. The chlorofluorocarbon and the halons are potent ozone depletors. Apr 18, 2019 the ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. Why has an ozone hole appeared over antarctica when ozone. The ozone layer in the stratosphere occurs naturally, and it encircles the planet. Permanent or temporary blindness, skin cancer and immunity suppression are the main effects of these radiations reported by various researchers on humans. Nasa provides daily images, data, and information from satellite instruments that monitor the ozone layer and the ozone hole ozone holea thinning break in the stratospheric ozone layer. However, if you would like to change the initial conditions of the system, you might find out that the time threshold will be reduced or augmented. Measures should be taken to protect our earth from the harmful ultraviolet rays. This paper analyses the causes and effects of ozone depletion. Progress report 2003 united nations environment programme, environmental e. There have been several concerns about ozone depletion.
Ozone layer depletion, its causes and its effects free download as powerpoint presentation. Is it true that the ozone layer protects humans, animals, and plants. Stratospheric ozone depletion leads to an increase in uvb that reach the earths surface, where it can disrupt biological processes and damage a number of materials the fact that uvb can cause biological effects is well demonstrated by the familiar sunburn that follows overexposure to the sun. Download file to see previous pages the effect of ozone depletion is more than what one would anticipate. The ozonedepletion theory of global warming provides, for the first time, a clear, straightforward explanation for observations not easily explained by greenhousegas theory. Cataracts are a form of eye damage in which a loss of transparency in the lens of the eye clouds vision. Depletion of the ozone layer has consequences on humans, animals, and plants. If reactions on ice particles in these clouds really are to blame, then wed expect to see ozone depletion in the arctic as well although less severe than in antarctica, since the clouds are less common around the north pole. This timeline highlights the average area of the ozone hole between september 7th and october th as observed by nasa spacedbased instruments see colored bars and scale. We have seen the various effects of ozone layer depletion and can conclude by saying that it is very important for our survival. British atlantic survey research station, holly bay, antarctic coast. The ozone layer protects us from excessive levels of harmful ultraviolet uv radiation. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on.
Research confirms that high levels of uv rays cause nonmelanoma skin cancer. Health and environmental effects of ozone layer depletion. This layer serves as a shield that protects the earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation from the sun. The latest satellite measurement indicates an ozone loss at the rate of 8% just above the south pole, at the centre of the ozone hole, 5% of the protective gas is depleting each day. The most harmful effects of ozone depletion greentumble.
Chapte r ozone depletion potentials, global warming. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions 7. What are the causes and effects of ozone depletion. For human populations, the most dangerous effects of exposure to greater uvb radiation are. Misconceptions about the ozone layer depletion common mistake factglobal warming is caused the ozone layer protects theby the ozone hole which earth from the suns harmful uv rays. Effects of ozone depletion on skin up protecting the environment ozone depletion. Like an infection that grows more and more virulent, the continentsize hole in earths ozone layer keeps getting bigger and bigger. Environmental effects of ozone depletion and its interactions with climate change. Effects of ozone depletion on eyes and immune system egee. Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. With less ozone in the atmosphere, more ultraviolet radiation strikes earth, causing more skin cancer, eye damage, and possible harm to crops.
The problems and causes associated with ozone depletion arise from human activities. These chemicals are found in cleaning agents, aerosols, insulating foam, and refrigerants. Ozone layer depletion, its causes and its effects ozone. Ozone is also used commercially as a bleaching agent and to purify municipal water supplies. Ozone is the layer present in stratosphere which protects the life on earth from harmful effects of uv radiations. There are important effects of changes in the intensity of solar uv radiation resulting from stratospheric ozone depletion, particularly uvb. The effects of ozone layer depletion are as follows. Seasonal ozone holes have been observed over both the antarctic and arctic regions. While several substances were addressed, chcs and hcfcs were the main ones that the international. The initial step in the depletion of stratospheric ozone by human activities is the emission, at earths surface, of ozonedepleting gases containing chlorine and bromine. Since about the 1970s, there has been a decrease in total volume of the ozone in the ozone layer, of about 4%, per decade.
Each year since the late 1970s, much of the protective layer of stratospheric ozone above antarctica has disappeared during september, creating what is popularly known as the ozone hole. The ozone layer covers the earth and acts as a shield. It is an essential factor for many global, biological and environmental phenomena. Stratospheric ozone depletion leads to an increase in uvb that reach the earths surface, where it can disrupt biological processes and damage a number of materials.
Ozone o3 is a stratospheric layer that plays important role in providing support to humans for their survival. Ozone is a gas that is present in the ozone layer in the stratosphere of the earth. Why has an ozone hole appeared over antarctica when. There are many situations where human activities have. What are the principal steps in stratospheric ozone depletion caused by human activities.
This typically results from higher uv levels reaching us on earth. Understanding that global warming is caused by ozone depletion, not greenhouse gases, has major implications for investments in energy. Global warming and ozone layer depletion are two different problems see the sidebar misconceptions about global atmospheric change on page 95. The ozone hole and its causes 12observations on ozone layer 14depletionobservation 1 15observation 2 17misconceptions about the ozone layer 18depletionbibliography 19 11 12. The ozone hole and its causes recently, chlorofluorocarbons cfcs were used a lot in industry and elsewhere to keep things cold and to make foam and soaps. The effects of ozone depletion on the environment this layer of ozone that covers our planet like a blanket is slowly thinning due to the greenhouse gas emissions in the atmosphere. Now i am going to tell you what are the adverse effects caused by the depletion of the ozone layer ozone which accounts for only 3 parts in ten millions of earths atmosphere, plays several crucial roles in the radiation balance of the planet. Download a pdf of the ozone depletion phenomenon by the national research council for free. Causes, effects and solutions of ozone layer depletion. As a result, the realistic effects of ozone depletion cannot be examined, but the mechanism of chlorine catalyzed destruction of ozone can be understood and observed. Effects of ozone depletion 1 effects of ozone depletion 2 the discovery.
The ozone layer lies about 15 40 km in altitude, although this height varies with latitude. The ozone layer thus plays an important role by preventing the harmful uv radiations from penetrating into the earths lower atmosphere the troposphere. Presence of ozone in the lower atmosphere is considered as a pollutant and a greenhouse gas. Ultraviolet uv radiation from the sun can cause a variety of health problems in humans, including skin cancers, eye cataracts and a reduction in the ability to fight off disease. The exposure to these radiations is severely affecting all life forms on earth, especially the humans. Oct 06, 2016 why cant your body handle a punch to the liver. Ozone depletion is affecting the human health and environment negatively, as it allows the penetration of uv radiations to reach the earth. The main effect of ozone depletion is an increase in uvb rays reaching the earths surface causes. Designation of amount of such depletion as an ozone hole is made when the detected amount of depletion exceeds fifty percent. Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a result of increasing pollution.
Additionally, it plays a major role in malignant melanoma development. Less dramatic, still significant, depletion of ozone levels has been recorded around the globe. Furthermore, uv radiation can be damaging to microscopic life in the surface oceans which forms the basis of the worlds food chain, certain varieties of vegetation including rice and. The most harmful effects of ozone depletion greentumble air pollution february 24, 2016 one of the primary functions of the ozone layer is to filter out the majority. It protects us from harmful uv radiations emitted from. Since india already receives high doses of ultraviolet uvb radiation, and is at the threshold go to speak, effects of ozone layer depletion could he far more disastrous in india. Causes of ozone depletion the fact that the ozone layer was being depleted was discovered in the mid1980s. Life on earth has been protected for thousands of years with a vital layer of poison in the atmosphere. The ozone layer acts as a natural filter, absorbing most of the suns burning ultraviolet uv rays. If left untreated, cataracts can lead to blindness. Ozone depletion is allowing the uv radiation to earth surface.
Stratospheric ozone is constantly being created and destroyed through natural cycles. Most questions and answers are updates of those presented in previous ozone assessments, while others have been added or. Researchers indicate that many of the effects of ozone depletion on human health tend to apply for animals, too. How does ozone depletion affect uv levels and life on earth. It is formed by the reaction of various air pollutants in the presence of sunlight. Jun, 2017 our study shows that ozone depletion was in the past a key driver of climate change in the tropical regions of the pacific, says stefan bronnimann, and in the same way, the recovery of the. One of the main reasons for the widespread concern about depletion of the ozone layer is the anticipated increase in the amounts of ultraviolet radiation received at the surface of the earth and the effect of this on human health and on the environment.
Ozone layer is a protective stratospheric layer, also known as ozone umbrella. The upper layer of the atmosphere surrounded by ozone 15 to 30 kms is known as ozonosphere. Mar 21, 2020 ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Evidence that increased ozone loss occurs whenever icy polar clouds are present. This can only be done by reducing the use of compounds which react in the atmosphere to harm the ozone layer. I recently read a news article about the ozone hole. Gwps including indirect effects of ozone depletion have been estimated fo r a variety of halocarbons cfcs, halons, hcfcs, etc. Effects of ozone depletion on eyes and immune system.
Normal ozone ozone layer depletion and its effects. This ozone layer sustains life on the earth by absorbing a great deal of uv ultra violet light radiating out of sun. Ozone layer depletion increases the amount of uvb that reaches the earths surface. Most ozone is found in the stratosphere upper part of the atmosphere, more than 10 to 16 kms from the surface of the earth. Jan 20, 2010 the montreal protocol is an international agreement to address the causes of ozone depletion. The natural distribution of ozone around the earth is. Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities.
Ozonedepleting substances are present throughout the stratospheric ozone layer because they are transported great distances by atmospheric air motions. Ozone present in the stratosphere forms a protective layer and known as ozone layer, ozonosphere or ozone umbrella its concentration in atmosphere is about 10 ppm. Download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf download fulltext pdf. The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. Ozone depletion facts and information national geographic. Ozone, a form of oxygen consisting of three atoms of oxygen instead of two, is considered an air pollutant when found at ground levels and is a major component of smog. Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which is essential to life as we know it on planet earth. Cause and effects of ozone depletion research paper. Effects and measures to protect ozone layer depletion. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. Indeed, calculations based on laboratory studies with plants suggest that the biological impact of ozone depletion measured by the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers in dna is likely to be less marked than previously thought, because uva quanta 315400 nm may also cause significant damage, and uva is unaffected by ozone depletion. In 1985, using satellites, balloons, and surface stations, a team of researchers had discovered a balding patch of ozone in the upper stratosphere, the size of the united states, over antarctica. In fact stratospheric ozone layer has the ability to filter the uv radiations. The ozone depletion phenomenon the national academies press.
Pdf environmental effects of ozone depletion and its. The troposphere extends from the surface of the earth upto 12 km and stratosphere extends upto about 50 km from the surface of the. In the upper atmosphere, atmospheric gases absorbs the suns radiation, get ionized, and release molecules. Why has an ozone hole appeared over antarctica when ozonedepleting substances are present throughout the stratosphere. Effects of ozone depletion ozone depletion is affecting the human health and environment negatively, as it allows the penetration of uv radiations to reach the earth. Ozone depletion is primarily caused by human activities. Ozone layer research and technical resources us epa. Another most feared aspect of pollution is depletion of ozone layer of the stratosphere. Massive amounts of uvb radiation that penetrate our atmosphere do not only affect humans, but also animals and plants. Depletion of stratospheric ozone o3, as commonly known as the hole in the ozone layer, is an issue of international concern. Ozone ozone is a simple molecule of three oxygen atoms and it is present in the two lowest layers of the atmosphere troposphere and stratosphere. Ozone depletion is the process of destruction of the ozone layer which can cause adverse effects on the living forms by many pollutants releases out from the vehicles, industries etc.
There, it will absorb almost all ultraviolet light which is harmful to many organisms. Laboratory and epidemiological studies demonstrate that uvb causes nonmelanoma skin cancer and plays a major role in malignant melanoma development. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion. Ozone in the lower atmosphere contributes to global warming and climate change. Ozone layer depletion leads to decrease in ozone in the stratosphere and increase in ozone present in the lower atmosphere. In lower atmosphere, atmospheric oxygen get dissociated and subsequently combines with molecular oxygen of the. The term ozone depletion can refer to a number of distinct, but related phenomena. Ozone depletion simple english wikipedia, the free. Oct 27, 2017 the effects of ozone depletion on plants and animals.
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